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< class=MsoNormal><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial">表示条件：</SPAN></FONT>
< class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>（16）</FONT><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-VARIANT: normal"><FONT size=2> </FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Arial size=2>Whether permitting, the football match will be played on Wednesday. =If weather permits, the football match will be played on Wednesday. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>假如天气允许的话，足球赛将在星期三举行。</FONT></SPAN>
< class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>表示方式和伴随状况：</FONT></SPAN>
< class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>（17）</FONT><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-VARIANT: normal"><FONT size=2> </FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Arial size=2>He put on his socks wrong side out. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>他穿上袜子，反面朝上。</FONT></SPAN>
< class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>（18）</FONT><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-VARIANT: normal"><FONT size=2> </FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Arial size=2>The children were watching the acrobatic show, their eye (being) wide open. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>孩子们在看杂技表演，眼睛睁得很大。</FONT></SPAN>
< class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2> </FONT></SPAN><FONT size=2><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial">在上述诸例中，“独立结构”均可变为由</SPAN><FONT face=Arial><SPAN lang=EN-US>with</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial">引导的介词词组，即在“独立结构”前可用介词</SPAN><FONT face=Arial><SPAN lang=EN-US>with</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial">。介词</SPAN><FONT face=Arial><SPAN lang=EN-US>with</SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>在此没有什么意义，只是比较口语化。例如：</FONT></SPAN>
< class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 36pt; TEXT-INDENT: -36pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>（19）</FONT><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-VARIANT: normal"><FONT size=2> </FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Arial size=2>They sat in the room with the curtains drawn. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>他们坐在房间里，窗帘拉下来。</FONT></SPAN>
< class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2> With the tree growing tall, we get more shade. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>树长高了，我们得到更多的阴凉。</FONT></SPAN>
< class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2> He came into the classroom with a book in his hand. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>他手里拿着一本书走进教室。</FONT></SPAN>
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< class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>1．</FONT><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-VARIANT: normal"><FONT size=2> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>不定式“独立结构”，</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial><SPAN lang=EN-US>-ing</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial">分词“独立结构”，</SPAN><FONT face=Arial><SPAN lang=EN-US>-ed</SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>分词“独立结构”之间的区别。</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2> 不定式“独立结构”表示即将发生的动作。例如：</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>（1）</FONT><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-VARIANT: normal"><FONT size=2> </FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Arial size=2>We shall assemble at ten forty-five, the procession to start moving at precisely eleven. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>我们将在十点四十五分集合，队伍整十一点开始游行。</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>（2）</FONT><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-VARIANT: normal"><FONT size=2> </FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Arial size=2>The plan was that the two parties should first reach an agreement on the basic principle, the details to be worked put later. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>计划是双方应先就基本原则达成协议，细节问题以后拟订。</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial> <SPAN lang=EN-US>-ing</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial">分词“独立结构”表示正在进行的动作，且主语与</SPAN><FONT face=Arial><SPAN lang=EN-US>-ing</SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>分词之间为主动关系。例如：</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm"><FONT color=#c0c0c0 size=2><BR></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>（3）</FONT><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-VARIANT: normal"><FONT size=2> </FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Arial size=2>We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>我们加倍努力，每一个人就像干两个人的活。</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial> <SPAN lang=EN-US>-ed</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial">分词“独立结构”表示已发生的动作，主语与</SPAN><FONT face=Arial><SPAN lang=EN-US>-ed</SPAN></FONT></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>分词之间为被动关系。例如：</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>（4）</FONT><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-VARIANT: normal"><FONT size=2> </FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Arial size=2>This done, we went home. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>做完此事，我们就回去。</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>（5）</FONT><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-VARIANT: normal"><FONT size=2> </FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Arial size=2>All our saving gone, we started looking for jobs. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>积蓄全部用完了，我们就开始找工作。</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 39pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>2．</FONT><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-VARIANT: normal"><FONT size=2> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>无动词“独立结构”的常见类型：</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>（1）</FONT><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-VARIANT: normal"><FONT size=2> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>名词</FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Arial size=2><SPAN lang=EN-US>+</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>介词短语<SPAN lang=en-us> </SPAN></FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>（2）</FONT><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-VARIANT: normal"><FONT size=2> </FONT></SPAN></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>名词</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial><SPAN lang=EN-US>+adj.</SPAN></FONT><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial">或</SPAN></FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>adv.</FONT></SPAN>
<SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2> 例如：</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>He sat st the table, collar off, head down, and pen in position, ready to begin the long letter.</FONT></SPAN>
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<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>将下列每组句子连接成一句，至少使用一个独立结构。</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0cm; TEXT-INDENT: 0cm"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>1.</FONT><SPAN style="FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; FONT-VARIANT: normal"><FONT size=2> </FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Arial size=2>a. She stood back and looked at him. b. Her face smiled radiantly.</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>2. a. His exam was finished. </FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=2> </FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT size=2>b. Porter stumbled wearily from the room.</FONT></SPAN></FONT>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>3. a. Henry Adams ran from the room . </FONT></SPAN><FONT face=Arial><FONT size=2> </FONT><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT size=2>b. Cold shivers ran down his spine.</FONT></SPAN></FONT>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>4. a. The meeting was closed. b. Nobody had any more to say.</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>5. a. There was no way for me to cross. b. I walked upstream on the south side.</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>6. a. Marie sat on the edge of frail wooden chair in Irby's suite.<BR> b. The champagne glass was in her hand. c. Her tears were in her eyes. </FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>7. a. All the money had been spent. b. Jack started looking for work.</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>8. a. The whole meeting was in uproar. b. The chairman abandoned the attempt to take a vote. </FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>9 a. My task was completed. b. I went to bed.</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>10. a. In front of him stood a man. b. The man held a gun in his hand.</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>11. a. Walking into the room, I saw Grandpa. b. He was sitting at the desk.</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>c. His newspaper was spread before him.</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>12. a. The prisoner stood quietly on the wooden platform. b. A small cotton bag was put over his face.</FONT></SPAN>
<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-INDENT: 21pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face=Arial size=2>c. His hands were tied behind his back. </FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2> </FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><FONT size=2>d. A noose was fixed securely about his neck.</FONT></SPAN>
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